Linux commands that I saved over years.
Ctrl+Alt+F1 to open virtual console.
Ctrl+Alt+F7 to return to desktop.
uname -a = printeaza informatii despre sistem
inxi -Fxz = informatii despre drivere sistem
dmidecode = informatii RAM
grep MHz /proc/cpuinf = frecventa procesoare
apt-cache search something = cauta in sistem daca exista pachetul respectiv
octave --no-gui = deschide octave direct in terminal
lscpu = informatii despre pc
dmesg / journalctl -xb (for current log) = printeaza mesajele kernelului
runlevel = pe ce nivel ruleaza sistemul
telinit x = specifica runlevel pentru linux; x = 0->6
level 0 = shut down(halt)
level 1 = rescue mode
level 2,3,4,5 = multiuser without network, with network, with X/V windows system
level 6 = reboot
wall = trimite un mesaj catre toti userii
systemctl start/status/stop sshd.service(for example) sau alte servicii.
df = afiseaza Filesystem cu spatiul liber si unde e mountat.
dd if=/dev/zero(for zeros) of=/dev/sda(for ssd) bs=1k(sau 512) count=1
/random(for random mem) /mmkblk01(for emmc)
/sdb(for serial drive bus = usb)
= make the disk to appear brand new and unpartitioned ELSE use gparted
dd if=/dev/random of=fisier.bin bs=128 count=4 = geneareaza un fisier de 512 bytes (4 blocuri de cate 128 bytes)
echo $HISTSIZE = cate comenzi retine in istoric bash-ul
xxd = descompune fisierul in hexazecimal
python -c 'print hex(number in zecimal)' = transforma un numar in hexazecimal
python -c 'print 0x(number in hexazecimal)' = transforma numarul in zecimal
htop = informatii procese + nuclee procesor
readlink -f file = show full path to file
stat "file" = display information about the file
cat /etc/passwd | column -t -s "<separator>" = display the output as a table
ps aux | sort -rnk 4 = sort processes by memory usage
ps aux | sort -nk 3 = sort processes by cpu usage
cd - = return tu previous directory
yes | apt-get update = say yes to any command
cat test.txt | tr '\t' '\s' > after_test.txt = replace tabs with spaces in a file
cat test.txt | tr a-z A-Z > after_test.txt = replace lowercase with uppercase
cat urls.txt(file that contains different urls) | xargs wget = pass lines as arguments for wget to download stuff from that urls
dd if=/dev/urandom of=file.txt bs=1024 count=102400 = create big random file