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Issues in Magento version 2.1.4 and its fixes:

1. Upgrade Magento version:
composer require magento/product-community-edition 2.1.4 --no-update
composer update
php bin/magento setup:upgrade


2. It will get error on accessing backend panel, Run below queries on database:
INSERT INTO eav_attribute ( entity_type_id, attribute_code, attribute_model, backend_model, backend_type, backend_table, frontend_model, frontend_input, frontend_label, frontend_class, source_model, is_required, is_user_defined, default_value, is_unique, note) VALUES
(4, 'cost', NULL, 'Magento\\Catalog\\Model\\Product\\Attribute\\Backend\\Price', 'decimal', NULL, NULL, 'price', 'Cost', NULL, NULL, 0, 1, NULL, 0, NULL);

Then pls check the attribute_id of the "cost" and use it for creating another table entry in "catalog_eav_attribute" by using the query

INSERT INTO catalog_eav_attribute (attribute_id, frontend_input_renderer, is_global, is_visible, is_searchable, is_filterable, is_comparable, is_visible_on_front, is_html_allowed_on_front, is_used_for_price_rules, is_filterable_in_search, used_in_product_listing, used_for_sort_by, apply_to, is_visible_in_advanced_search, position, is_wysiwyg_enabled, is_used_for_promo_rules, is_required_in_admin_store, is_used_in_grid, is_visible_in_grid, is_filterable_in_grid, search_weight, additional_data) VALUES
(81, NULL, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 'simple,virtual,downloadable', 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, NULL);

pls use the attribute_id of cost instead of 81 .
Reference link: https://github.com/magento/magento2/issues/7804


3. Product Add/Edit page error of *formElement*:
Go to database eav_attribute table
find your attribute row check frontend_input column there is null value in your attribute fill it with appropriate value
Reference link: http://magento.stackexchange.com/questions/144650/exception-0-magento-framework-exception-localizedexception-the-configuration
Reference link2: https://mage2.pro/t/topic/1299

4. Checkout Summary shows undefined - undefined shipping before selecting a shipping cariier(Shipping Methods selection error)
In most cases, the issue was caused by the absence of these php.ini settings:
date.timezone = America/New_York
always_populate_raw_post_data = -1
Right after you add them, the checkout should start working as expected.

Reference link: https://community.magento.com/t5/Technical-Issues/Checkout-Summary-shows-undefined-undefined-shipping-before/m-p/29722#M460

5. On Checkout page, if you face error while placing order: Replace necessary and related files with Latest magento version(Right now not in market: 2.2.0)
Ex: <root>/vendor/magento/module-checkout/Model/GuestPaymentInformationManagement.php
Ex. <root>/mitienda/vendor/magento/module-checkout/Model/PaymentInformationManagement.php


6. Run all commands:
php bin/magento setup:upgrade
rm -rf pub/static/*
rm -rf var/view_preprocessed/*
php -f bin/magento setup:static-content:deploy
php -f bin/magento setup:static-content:deploy es_ES (If your website has anyother storeview)
sudo chmod -Rf 777 pub/*
sudo chmod -Rf 777 var/*