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def find_pivot(arr):
    low = 0
    high = len(arr) - 1
    while low < high:
        mid = (low + high) // 2
        if arr[mid] > arr[mid + 1]:
            return mid
        if arr[mid] < arr[mid - 1]:
            return mid - 1
        if arr[low] >= arr[mid]:
            high = mid - 1
        else:
            low = mid + 1
    return -1


def binary_search(arr, item):
    low = 0
    high = len(arr)

    while low <= high:
        mid = (low + high) // 2
        if arr[mid] == item:
            return mid
        elif arr[mid] < item:
            low = mid + 1
        else:
            high = mid - 1
    return -1