DreadyCrig
3/17/2017 - 5:45 PM

Extended ExpressionEngine .htaccess/apache conf

Extended ExpressionEngine .htaccess/apache conf

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ExpressionEngine .htaccess/Apache conf

Please use these at your own risk. I cannot be responsible for having no idea what I am doing and breaking your server.

This is a collection of Apache configuration settings that I use in my ExpressionEngine projects. Since I have always been a big fan of the HTML5 Boilerplate I took inspiration from their .htaccess file and tweaked my configuration with other settings I have used over the years.

This gist contains:

  • _EXTENDED.htaccess This is a general .htaccess file I rename and edit as needed for each site. Note: When I host a site on my prad/stage/dev servers I move most or all of these rules into the vhost.conf file
  • _SAMPLE.httpd.conf I use Ubuntu on my development, staging, and production servers so this is specific to Apache 2 on my setup. Essentially this file extends the apache2.conf (in my setup).
  • _SAMPLE.vhost.conf I rename this to "domain.tld.conf" and place site specific settings in here.
  • _SAMPLE.vhost-ssl.conf Essentially the same as "_SAMPLE.vhost.conf" but with some SSL settings enabled to provide baseline SSL support until a proper secure cert is in place.
_EXTENDED.htaccess
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# Extended ExpressionEngine Apache Configuration (.htaccess)
# httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/quickreference.html
# ------------------------------

# SECURITY: Secure "dot" files/directories
# ------------------------------
# Block access to "hidden" directories or files whose names begin with a
# period. This includes directories used by version control systems such as
# Subversion or Git.
# <IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
#   RewriteCond %{SCRIPT_FILENAME} -d [OR]
#   RewriteCond %{SCRIPT_FILENAME} -f
#   RewriteRule "(^|/)\." - [F]
# </IfModule>

# SECURITY: Don't show directories without an index file
# ------------------------------
# Options -Indexes

# SECURITY: Don't list files in index pages
# ------------------------------
# IndexIgnore *


# 404 ERRORS: Prevent 404 errors for non-existing redirected folders
# without -MultiViews, Apache will give a 404 for a rewrite if a folder of the
# same name does not exist.
# webmasterworld.com/apache/3808792.htm
# ------------------------------
# Options -MultiViews

# 404 ERRORS: EE 404 Page for Missing Pages
# "/pages/404" May differ depending on where your template is located.
# ------------------------------
ErrorDocument 404 /index.php?/pages/404

# 404 ERRORS: Simple 404 for missing files
# ------------------------------
# <FilesMatch "(\.jpe?g|gif|png|bmp|css|js|flv)$">
#   ErrorDocument 404 "File Not Found"
# </FilesMatch>


# IE: Remove IE image toolbar
# ------------------------------
# <FilesMatch "\.(html|htm|php)$">
#   Header set imagetoolbar "no"
# </FilesMatch>


# Rewrite Magic
# ------------------------------
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
  # RewriteEngine On
  RewriteBase /

  # INDEX: Standard ExpressionEngine Rewrite
  # ------------------------------
  RewriteCond $1 !\.(css|js|gif|jpe?g|png) [NC]
  RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f [NC]
  RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d [NC]
  RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /index.php/$1 [NC,R=301,L]


  # WWW: Remove the www from the URL
  # ------------------------------
  RewriteCond %{HTTPS} !=on
  RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.(.+)$ [NC]
  RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://%1%{REQUEST_URI} [NC,R=301,L]

  # WWW: Force the www
  # ------------------------------
  # RewriteCond %{HTTPS} !=on
  # RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^www\..+$ [NC]
  # RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://www.%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [NC,R=301,L]


  # SLASHES: Remove the trailing slash to paths without an extension
  # ------------------------------
  # RewriteCond %{REQUEST_METHOD} !=POST [NC]
  # RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} /$ [NC]
  # RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f [NC]
  # RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d [NC]
  # RewriteRule ^(.+)/$ /$1 [NC,R=301,L]

  # SLASHES: Add a trailing slash to paths without an extension
  # ------------------------------
  RewriteCond %{REQUEST_METHOD} !=POST [NC]
  RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} /$ [NC]
  RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f [NC]
  RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d [NC]
  RewriteRule ^(.+[^/])$ /$1/ [NC,R=301,L]


  # SSL: Entire Site
  # ------------------------------
  # RewriteCond %{ENV:HTTPS} !on [NC]
  # RewriteRule (.*) https://%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [NC,R=301,L]

  # SSL: Specific sections
  # ------------------------------
  # RewriteCond %{ENV:HTTPS} !on [NC]
  # RewriteCond $1 ^(login|member|account|checkout|system) [NC]
  # RewriteRule (.*) https://%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [NC,R=301,L]
  
  # SSL: Prevent SSL cert warnings
  # Rewrite secure requests properly to prevent SSL cert warnings, e.g. prevent
  # https://www.DOMAIN.com when your cert only allows https://secure.DOMAIN.com
  # ------------------------------
  # RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} !^443
  # RewriteRule ^ https://DOMAIN.com%{REQUEST_URI} [NC,R=301,L]

</IfModule>
_SAMPLE.httpd.conf
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# Apache configuration file
# httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/quickreference.html

# Note .htaccess files are an overhead, this logic should be in your Apache
# config if possible: httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/howto/htaccess.html

# Techniques in here adapted from all over, including:
#   Kroc Camen: camendesign.com/.htaccess
#   perishablepress.com/press/2006/01/10/stupid-htaccess-tricks/
#   Sample .htaccess file of CMS MODx: modxcms.com


# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Better website experience for IE users
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

# Force the latest IE version, in various cases when it may fall back to IE7 mode
#  github.com/rails/rails/commit/123eb25#commitcomment-118920
# Use ChromeFrame if it's installed for a better experience for the poor IE folk

<IfModule mod_headers.c>
  Header set X-UA-Compatible "IE=Edge,chrome=1"
  # mod_headers can't match by content-type, but we don't want to send this header on *everything*...
  <FilesMatch "\.(appcache|crx|css|eot|gif|htc|ico|jpe?g|js|m4a|m4v|manifest|mp4|oex|oga|ogg|ogv|otf|pdf|png|safariextz|svg|svgz|ttf|vcf|webm|webp|woff|xml|xpi)$">
    Header unset X-UA-Compatible
  </FilesMatch>
</IfModule>


# IE: Remove IE image toolbar
# ------------------------------
<FilesMatch "\.(html|htm|php)$">
  Header set imagetoolbar "no"
</FilesMatch>


# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# CORS-enabled images (@crossorigin)
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

# Send CORS headers if browsers request them; enabled by default for images.
# developer.mozilla.org/en/CORS_Enabled_Image
# blog.chromium.org/2011/07/using-cross-domain-images-in-webgl-and.html
# hacks.mozilla.org/2011/11/using-cors-to-load-webgl-textures-from-cross-domain-images/
# wiki.mozilla.org/Security/Reviews/crossoriginAttribute

<IfModule mod_setenvif.c>
  <IfModule mod_headers.c>
    # mod_headers, y u no match by Content-Type?!
    <FilesMatch "\.(gif|ico|jpe?g|png|svg|svgz|webp)$">
      SetEnvIf Origin ":" IS_CORS
      Header set Access-Control-Allow-Origin "*" env=IS_CORS
    </FilesMatch>
  </IfModule>
</IfModule>


# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Webfont access
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

# Allow access from all domains for webfonts.
# Alternatively you could only whitelist your
# subdomains like "subdomain.example.com".

<IfModule mod_headers.c>
  <FilesMatch "\.(eot|font.css|otf|ttc|ttf|woff)$">
    Header set Access-Control-Allow-Origin "*"
  </FilesMatch>
</IfModule>


# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Proper MIME type for all files
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

# JavaScript
#   Normalize to standard type (it's sniffed in IE anyways)
#   tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4329#section-7.2
AddType application/javascript         js jsonp
AddType application/json               json

# Audio
AddType audio/mp4                      m4a f4a f4b
AddType audio/ogg                      oga ogg

# Video
AddType video/mp4                      mp4 m4v f4v f4p
AddType video/ogg                      ogv
AddType video/webm                     webm
AddType video/x-flv                    flv

# SVG
#   Required for svg webfonts on iPad
#   twitter.com/FontSquirrel/status/14855840545
AddType     image/svg+xml              svg svgz
AddEncoding gzip                       svgz

# Webfonts
AddType application/vnd.ms-fontobject  eot
AddType application/x-font-ttf         ttf ttc
AddType application/x-font-woff        woff
AddType font/opentype                  otf

# Assorted types
AddType application/octet-stream            safariextz
AddType application/x-chrome-extension      crx
AddType application/x-opera-extension       oex
AddType application/x-shockwave-flash       swf
AddType application/x-web-app-manifest+json webapp
AddType application/x-xpinstall             xpi
AddType application/xml                     rss atom xml rdf
AddType image/webp                          webp
AddType image/x-icon                        ico
AddType text/cache-manifest                 appcache manifest
AddType text/vtt                            vtt
AddType text/x-component                    htc
AddType text/x-vcard                        vcf


# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Gzip compression
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

<IfModule mod_deflate.c>

  # Force deflate for mangled headers developer.yahoo.com/blogs/ydn/posts/2010/12/pushing-beyond-gzipping/
  <IfModule mod_setenvif.c>
    <IfModule mod_headers.c>
      SetEnvIfNoCase ^(Accept-EncodXng|X-cept-Encoding|X{15}|~{15}|-{15})$ ^((gzip|deflate)\s*,?\s*)+|[X~-]{4,13}$ HAVE_Accept-Encoding
      RequestHeader append Accept-Encoding "gzip,deflate" env=HAVE_Accept-Encoding
    </IfModule>
  </IfModule>

  # Compress all output labeled with one of the following MIME-types
  <IfModule mod_filter.c>
    AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/atom+xml \
                                  application/javascript \
                                  application/json \
                                  application/rss+xml \
                                  application/vnd.ms-fontobject \
                                  application/x-font-ttf \
                                  application/xhtml+xml \
                                  application/xml \
                                  font/opentype \
                                  image/svg+xml \
                                  image/x-icon \
                                  text/css \
                                  text/html \
                                  text/plain \
                                  text/x-component \
                                  text/xml
  </IfModule>

</IfModule>


# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Expires headers (for better cache control)
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

# These are pretty far-future expires headers.
# They assume you control versioning with filename-based cache busting
# Additionally, consider that outdated proxies may miscache
#   www.stevesouders.com/blog/2008/08/23/revving-filenames-dont-use-querystring/

# If you don't use filenames to version, lower the CSS and JS to something like
# "access plus 1 week".

<IfModule mod_expires.c>
  ExpiresActive on

# Perhaps better to whitelist expires rules? Perhaps.
  ExpiresDefault                          "access plus 1 month"

# cache.appcache needs re-requests in FF 3.6 (thanks Remy ~Introducing HTML5)
  ExpiresByType text/cache-manifest       "access plus 0 seconds"

# Your document html
  ExpiresByType text/html                 "access plus 0 seconds"

# Data
  ExpiresByType application/json          "access plus 0 seconds"
  ExpiresByType application/xml           "access plus 0 seconds"
  ExpiresByType text/xml                  "access plus 0 seconds"

# Feed
  ExpiresByType application/atom+xml      "access plus 1 hour"
  ExpiresByType application/rss+xml       "access plus 1 hour"

# Favicon (cannot be renamed)
  ExpiresByType image/x-icon              "access plus 1 week"

# Media: images, video, audio
  ExpiresByType audio/ogg                 "access plus 1 month"
  ExpiresByType image/gif                 "access plus 1 month"
  ExpiresByType image/jpeg                "access plus 1 month"
  ExpiresByType image/png                 "access plus 1 month"
  ExpiresByType video/mp4                 "access plus 1 month"
  ExpiresByType video/ogg                 "access plus 1 month"
  ExpiresByType video/webm                "access plus 1 month"

# HTC files  (css3pie)
  ExpiresByType text/x-component          "access plus 1 month"

# Webfonts
  ExpiresByType application/vnd.ms-fontobject "access plus 1 month"
  ExpiresByType application/x-font-ttf    "access plus 1 month"
  ExpiresByType application/x-font-woff   "access plus 1 month"
  ExpiresByType font/opentype             "access plus 1 month"
  ExpiresByType image/svg+xml             "access plus 1 month"

# CSS and JavaScript
  ExpiresByType application/javascript    "access plus 1 month"
  ExpiresByType text/css                  "access plus 1 month"

</IfModule>


# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# ETag removal
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

# FileETag None is not enough for every server.
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
  Header unset ETag
</IfModule>

# Since we're sending far-future expires, we don't need ETags for
# static content.
#   developer.yahoo.com/performance/rules.html#etags
FileETag None


# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Set Keep-Alive Header
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

# Keep-Alive allows the server to send multiple requests through one
# TCP-connection. Be aware of possible disadvantages of this setting. Turn on
# if you serve a lot of static content.

# <IfModule mod_headers.c>
#   Header set Connection Keep-Alive
# </IfModule>


# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Start rewrite engine
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

# Turning on the rewrite engine is necessary for the following rules and
# features. FollowSymLinks must be enabled for this to work.

# Some cloud hosting services require RewriteBase to be set: goo.gl/HOcPN
# If using the h5bp in a subdirectory, use `RewriteBase /foo` instead where
# 'foo' is your directory.

# If your web host doesn't allow the FollowSymlinks option, you may need to
# comment it out and use `Options +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch`, but be aware of the
# performance impact: http://goo.gl/Mluzd

<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
  Options +FollowSymlinks
# Options +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
  RewriteEngine On
# RewriteBase /
</IfModule>


# 404 ERRORS: Simple 404 for missing files
# ------------------------------
<FilesMatch "(\.jpe?g|gif|png|bmp|css|js|flv)$">
  ErrorDocument 404 "File Not Found"
</FilesMatch>
 

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Prevent 404 errors for non-existing redirected folders
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

# without -MultiViews, Apache will give a 404 for a rewrite if a folder of the
# same name does not exist.
# webmasterworld.com/apache/3808792.htm
Options -MultiViews -Includes


# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# UTF-8 encoding
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

# Use UTF-8 encoding for anything served text/plain or text/html
AddDefaultCharset utf-8

# Force UTF-8 for a number of file formats
AddCharset utf-8 .atom .css .js .json .rss .vtt .xml


# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# A little more security
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

# To avoid displaying the exact version number of Apache being used, add the
# following to httpd.conf (it will not work in .htaccess):
# ServerTokens Prod

# "-Indexes" will have Apache block users from browsing folders without a
# default document Usually you should leave this activated, because you
# shouldn't allow everybody to surf through every folder on your server (which
# includes rather private places like CMS system folders).
<IfModule mod_autoindex.c>
  Options -Indexes
</IfModule>

# Block access to "hidden" directories or files whose names begin with a
# period. This includes directories used by version control systems such as
# Subversion or Git.

<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
  RewriteCond %{SCRIPT_FILENAME} -d [OR]
  RewriteCond %{SCRIPT_FILENAME} -f
  RewriteRule "(^|/)\." - [F]
</IfModule>

# Block access to backup and source files. These files may be left by some
# text/html editors and pose a great security danger, when anyone can access
# them.
<FilesMatch "(\.(bak|config|dist|fla|inc|ini|log|psd|sh|sql|swp)|~)$">
  Order allow,deny
  Deny from all
  Satisfy All
</FilesMatch>


# Increase cookie security
<IfModule mod_php5.c>
  php_value session.cookie_httponly true
</IfModule>
_SAMPLE.vhost-ssl.conf
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# Extends:  /etc/apache2/httpd.conf
# Domain:   DOMAIN.COM
# Docroot:  /var/www/vhosts/DOMAIN.COM/www/public_html

<VirtualHost *:80>
  
  # Admin email, Server Name (domain name) and any aliases
  # ------------------------------
  ServerName  DOMAIN.COM
  ServerAlias www.DOMAIN.COM m.DOMAIN.COM
  ServerAdmin webmaster@wearequickpixel.com
  
  # Index file and Document Root (where the public files are located)
  # ------------------------------
  # DirectoryIndex index.html
  # DirectoryIndex index.php
  DocumentRoot /var/www/vhosts/DOMAIN.COM/www/public_html
  
  # Custom log file locations
  # ------------------------------
  LogLevel debug
  ErrorLog  /var/www/vhosts/DOMAIN.COM/logs/DOMAIN.COM.error.log
  CustomLog /var/www/vhosts/DOMAIN.COM/logs/DOMAIN.COM.access.log combined
  

  # SSL Rewrite
  # ------------------------------
  RewriteEngine On
  RewriteCond %{HTTPS} off
  RewriteRule (.*) https://%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI}
  
  # SSL Engine Switch
  # ------------------------------
  SSLEngine on
  SSLCertificateFile    /etc/ssl/localcerts/server.crt
  SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/localcerts/server.key

  
  # Directory Settings
  # ------------------------------
  <Directory "/var/www/vhosts/DOMAIN.COM/www/public_html">
    AllowOverride All
    # Options -Indexes -FollowSymLinks -Includes
    IndexIgnore *
  </Directory>
  

  # Cross-domain AJAX requests
  # Serve cross-domain Ajax requests, disabled by default.
  # enable-cors.org
  # code.google.com/p/html5security/wiki/CrossOriginRequestSecurity
  # ------------------------------
  # <IfModule mod_headers.c>
  #   Header set Access-Control-Allow-Origin "*"
  # </IfModule>


  # Prevent mobile network providers from modifying your site
  # The following header prevents modification of your code over 3G on some
  # European providers.
  # This is the official 'bypass' suggested by O2 in the UK.
  # ------------------------------
  # <IfModule mod_headers.c>
  #   Header set Cache-Control "no-transform"
  # </IfModule>


  # Stop screen flicker in IE on CSS rollovers
  # The following directives stop screen flicker in IE on CSS rollovers - in
  # combination with the "ExpiresByType" rules for images (see httpd.conf).
  # ------------------------------
  # BrowserMatch "MSIE" brokenvary=1
  # BrowserMatch "Mozilla/4.[0-9]{2}" brokenvary=1
  # BrowserMatch "Opera" !brokenvary
  # SetEnvIf brokenvary 1 force-no-vary


  # Cookie setting from iframes
  # Allow cookies to be set from iframes (for IE only)
  # If needed, specify a path or regex in the Location directive.
  # ------------------------------
  # <IfModule mod_headers.c>
  #   Header set P3P "policyref=\"/w3c/p3p.xml\", CP=\"IDC DSP COR ADM DEVi TAIi PSA PSD IVAi IVDi CONi HIS OUR IND CNT\""
  # </IfModule> 


  # Deflate Logs
  # ------------------------------
  <IfModule mod_deflate.c>
    DeflateFilterNote Input input_info
    DeflateFilterNote Output output_info
    DeflateFilterNote Ratio ratio_info
    LogFormat '"%r" %{output_info}n/%{input_info}n (%{ratio_info}n%%)' deflate
    CustomLog /var/www/vhosts/DOMAIN.COM/logs/DOMAIN.COM-deflate.log deflate
  </IfModule>

</VirtualHost>
_SAMPLE.vhost.conf
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# Extends:  /etc/apache2/httpd.conf
# Domain:   DOMAIN.COM
# Docroot:  /var/www/vhosts/DOMAIN.COM/www/public_html

<VirtualHost *:80>
  
  # Admin email, Server Name (domain name) and any aliases
  # ------------------------------
  ServerName  DOMAIN.COM
  ServerAlias www.DOMAIN.COM m.DOMAIN.COM
  ServerAdmin webmaster@wearequickpixel.com
  
  # Index file and Document Root (where the public files are located)
  # ------------------------------
  # DirectoryIndex index.html
  # DirectoryIndex index.php
  DocumentRoot /var/www/vhosts/DOMAIN.COM/www/public_html
  
  # Custom log file locations
  # ------------------------------
  LogLevel debug
  ErrorLog  /var/www/vhosts/DOMAIN.COM/logs/DOMAIN.COM.error.log
  CustomLog /var/www/vhosts/DOMAIN.COM/logs/DOMAIN.COM.access.log combined
  
  
  # Directory Settings
  # ------------------------------
  <Directory "/var/www/vhosts/DOMAIN.COM/www/public_html">
    AllowOverride All
    # Options -Indexes -FollowSymLinks -Includes
    IndexIgnore *
  </Directory>
  

  # Cross-domain AJAX requests
  # Serve cross-domain Ajax requests, disabled by default.
  # enable-cors.org
  # code.google.com/p/html5security/wiki/CrossOriginRequestSecurity
  # ------------------------------
  # <IfModule mod_headers.c>
  #   Header set Access-Control-Allow-Origin "*"
  # </IfModule>


  # Prevent mobile network providers from modifying your site
  # The following header prevents modification of your code over 3G on some
  # European providers.
  # This is the official 'bypass' suggested by O2 in the UK.
  # ------------------------------
  # <IfModule mod_headers.c>
  #   Header set Cache-Control "no-transform"
  # </IfModule>


  # Stop screen flicker in IE on CSS rollovers
  # The following directives stop screen flicker in IE on CSS rollovers - in
  # combination with the "ExpiresByType" rules for images (see httpd.conf).
  # ------------------------------
  # BrowserMatch "MSIE" brokenvary=1
  # BrowserMatch "Mozilla/4.[0-9]{2}" brokenvary=1
  # BrowserMatch "Opera" !brokenvary
  # SetEnvIf brokenvary 1 force-no-vary


  # Cookie setting from iframes
  # Allow cookies to be set from iframes (for IE only)
  # If needed, specify a path or regex in the Location directive.
  # ------------------------------
  # <IfModule mod_headers.c>
  #   Header set P3P "policyref=\"/w3c/p3p.xml\", CP=\"IDC DSP COR ADM DEVi TAIi PSA PSD IVAi IVDi CONi HIS OUR IND CNT\""
  # </IfModule> 


  # Deflate Logs
  # ------------------------------
  <IfModule mod_deflate.c>
    DeflateFilterNote Input input_info
    DeflateFilterNote Output output_info
    DeflateFilterNote Ratio ratio_info
    LogFormat '"%r" %{output_info}n/%{input_info}n (%{ratio_info}n%%)' deflate
    CustomLog /var/www/vhosts/DOMAIN.COM/logs/DOMAIN.COM-deflate.log deflate
  </IfModule>

</VirtualHost>