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(function() {
  
  // Based on article @ http://www.toptal.com/d3-js/towards-reusable-d3-js-charts
  // Publish a factory method for Chart instances
  // @usage:
  //     var runningChart = BarChart.instanceOf( {barPadding : 2 } );
  //     var weatherChart = BarChart.instanceOf()
  //                                .fillColor('coral');
  
  window.BarChart = {
    instanceOf : function (options) {
        // Publish instance
        return new Chart(options);
    }
  };  
  
  // ***************************************************
  // Define Chart class and methods
  // ***************************************************

  /**
   * Define Chart Class
   */
  function Chart(options) {

      // Special draw `selection` method used by D3
      this.render = drawSelection.bind(this);
      this.options = initialize(options);
  }

  /**
   * Build and assign prototype methods
   */
  Chart.prototype = {
      width       : makeAccessor.call(this, this.options, 'width'),
      height      : makeAccessor.call(this, this.options, 'height'),
      barPadding  : makeAccessor.call(this, this.options, 'barPadding'),
      fillColor   : makeAccessor.call(this, this.options, 'fillColor')
  };

  // ***************************************************
  // D3 Render method
  // ***************************************************

  /**
   * Define the D3 callback to render bar chart within the specified
   * selection DOMs
   */
  function drawSelection(selection) {
      selection.each(function(data) {
          var barSpacing = this.height / data.length;
          var barHeight = barSpacing - this.barPadding;
          var maxValue = d3.max(data);
          var widthScale = this.width / maxValue;

          d3.select(this).append('svg')
            .attr('height', this.height)
            .attr('width', this.width)
            .selectAll('rect')
            .data(data)
            .enter()
            .append('rect')
            .attr('y', function(d, i) {
                return i * barSpacing
            })
            .attr('height', barHeight)
            .attr('x', 0)
            .attr('width', function(d) {
                return d * widthScale
            })
            .style('fill', this.fillColor);
      });
  }

  // ***************************************************
  // Utility methods
  // ***************************************************


  /**
   * Build a chainable property accessor AND mutator function
   */
  function makeAccessor(fields, key) {

      return function() {
          if (!arguments.length) return fields[key];
          fields[key] = value;

          return this;
      }
  }

  /**
   * Clone options data and initialize with defaults (if needed)
   */
  function initialize(options) {
      return extend({
          width: 900,
          height: 200,
          barPadding: 1,
          fillColor: 'steelblue'
      },options);
  }
  
  /**
   * 
   */
  function extend(dst) {
    for (var i = 1, ii = arguments.length; i < ii; i++) {
      var obj = arguments[i];
      if (obj) {
        var keys = Object.keys(obj);
        for (var j = 0, jj = keys.length; j < jj; j++) {
          var key = keys[j];
          dst[key] = obj[key];
        }
      }
    }
    return dst;
  }      
  
})();