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import numpy as np

a = np.array([1, 2, 3])  # Create a rank 1 array
print type(a), a.shape, a[0], a[1], a[2]
a[0] = 5                 # Change an element of the array
print a

x = np.array([[1,2],[3,4]], dtype=np.float64)
y = np.array([[5,6],[7,8]], dtype=np.float64)

# Elementwise sum; both produce the array
print x + y
print np.add(x, y)

# Elementwise difference; both produce the array
print x - y
print np.subtract(x, y)


# Elementwise product; both produce the array
print x * y
print np.multiply(x, y)

# Elementwise division; both produce the array
# [[ 0.2         0.33333333]
#  [ 0.42857143  0.5       ]]
print x / y
print np.divide(x, y)


# Elementwise square root; produces the array
# [[ 1.          1.41421356]
#  [ 1.73205081  2.        ]]
print np.sqrt(x)

x = np.array([[1,2],[3,4]])
y = np.array([[5,6],[7,8]])

v = np.array([9,10])
w = np.array([11, 12])

# Inner product of vectors; both produce 219
print v.dot(w)
print np.dot(v, w)

# Matrix / vector product; both produce the rank 1 array [29 67]
print x.dot(v)
print np.dot(x, v)

# Matrix / matrix product; both produce the rank 2 array
# [[19 22]
#  [43 50]]
print x.dot(y)
print np.dot(x, y)

x = np.array([[1,2],[3,4]])

print np.sum(x)  # Compute sum of all elements; prints "10"
print np.sum(x, axis=0)  # Compute sum of each column; prints "[4 6]"
print np.sum(x, axis=1)  # Compute sum of each row; prints "[3 7]"

# Create a new array from which we will select elements
a = np.array([[1,2,3], [4,5,6], [7,8,9], [10, 11, 12]])
print a

# Create an array of indices
b = np.array([0, 2, 0, 1])

# Select one element from each row of a using the indices in b
print a[np.arange(4), b]  # Prints "[ 1  6  7 11]"

# Mutate one element from each row of a using the indices in b
a[np.arange(4), b] += 10
print a

import numpy as np

a = np.array([[1,2], [3, 4], [5, 6]])

bool_idx = (a > 2)  # Find the elements of a that are bigger than 2;
                    # this returns a numpy array of Booleans of the same
                    # shape as a, where each slot of bool_idx tells
                    # whether that element of a is > 2.

print bool_idx