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Permissions

Who?
u - user
g - group
o - others


r - read 
w - write 
x - execute


drwxr-xr-x 
<!-- d - directory - user - group - others permissions -->

treehouse ~ $ chmod o+w hello.txt
drwxr-xrwx 
<!-- now user have permission to write on hello.txt -->

treehouse ~ $ chmod +w hello.txt
drwxrwxrwx 
<!-- everybody have permission to write on hello.txt -->

treehouse ~ $ chmod -w hello.txt
<!-- -w remove permission -->


treehouse ~ $ chmod 777 hello.txt
<!-- Also it can be done with numbers -->


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File ownership

Each file and directory has a user owner, and a group owner. The ownership properties are important for determining how permissions are applied for each user.

chown - changes the owner of a file or directory

$ ls - l

$ sudo chown mike hello.txt  (change user)  

sudo - overrite any permission

$ nano hello.txt   (read the file)

$ sudo chown mike:mike hello.txt  (change user and group)  

$ su mike   (edit mike user)

$ nano hello.txt   (read or edit the file)


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Sudo

Sometimes you need to take on special privileges to perform an action. The sudo command allows you to override all permissions temporarily to get things done.


sudo - Run a command as the super user.

sudo !! - Run the previous command as the super user.

<!-- Console 
     The console is a text-based interface to your computer. It allows you to interact with files, folders and programs using text commands instead of windows, buttons and menus -->


command line

<!-- this is call prompt - treehouse = user name  -->
treehouse ~ $


<!--  List files on directory -->
treeuse ~ $ ls
documents hello.txt


<!--  List files on directory long form -->
drwxr-xr-x    2 priscillarodriguez  staff     68 May 14 21:39 Applications

Permission

r - read 
w - write 
x - execute


<!-- The ~ (tilde character) shorthand command refers to that particular user's home directory. -->



---------------

<!-- Home directory  -  $pwd  -/Users/priscillarodriguez -->


treehouse ~ $ pwd
/home/treehouse
treehouse ~ $ cd documents   <!-- Change directory -->
treehouse ~/documents $   


 <!-- See hello.txt content -->
treehouse ~ $ cat hello.txt

<!-- See hello.txt content -->
treehouse ~ $ less hello.txt

----------------


Editing Files

<!-- the program nano to edit the contents of a file inside the console.

^ (means control) -- >

treehouse ~ $ nano hello.txt


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Rename a file

treehouse ~ $ ls
documents hello.txt
treehouse ~ $ mv hello.txt hi.txt
treehouse ~ $ ls
documents hi.txt

------------

Rename directory


treehouse ~ $ mv documents docs
treehouse ~ $ ls
docs

treehouse ~ $ mv docs documents
treehouse ~ $ ls
documents

-------------

Move a file to another directory


treehouse ~ $ mv hi.txt documents/
treehouse ~ $ ls
documents 
treehouse ~ $ ls documents
hi.txt how_to_go_home.txt
treehouse ~ $ mv documents/hi.txt  . <!-- move back and also I can rename it -->
treehouse ~ $ ls
documents hi.txt


------------

Copy files

treehouse ~ $ cp hello.txt hi.txt 
treehouse ~ $ ls
documents  hello.txt hi.txt 
treehouse ~ $ less hello.txt


---------

Make a directory

treehouse ~ $ mkdir pictures
treehouse ~ $ ls
documents  hello.txt  pictures