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Select 
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db_select($table, $alias = NULL, $options = array()) 
$table Database table to select from. 
$alias Table alias. 
return New query object. 

$query = db_select('users', 'u') ->fields('u', array('uid', 'name')); $result = $query->execute();
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->distinct($distinct = TRUE) 
$distinct Flag indicating DISTINCT query.
 return The called query object.
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 ->fields($table_alias, $fields = array())
 $table_alias Alias of the table the field belongs to. 
$fields Array of field names.
 return The called query object. 
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->addField($table_alias, $field, $alias = NULL) 
$table_alias Alias of the table the field belongs to. 
$field Field name. $alias Field alias. 
return Unique field alias. 
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->range($start = NULL, $length = NULL) 
$start First record of the result set.
 $length Max number of records. 
return The called query object. 
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->groupBy($field) 
$field The field to group by. 
return The called query object.
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 ->orderBy($field, $direction = 'ASC')
 $field The field to order by. 
$direction 'ASC' or 'DESC'. 
return The called query object.
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->orderRandom()
return The called query object.
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->union(SelectQueryInterface $query,$type = '')
$query Query to union.
$type Type of union.
return New resulting query object.
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->addExpression($expression, $alias= NULL, $arguments = array())
$expression Expression string.
$alias Expression alias.
$arguments Assoc array of placehoders and placeholder values.
return Unique expression alias.
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->countQuery()
return New query object.
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->addTag($tag)
$tag Query identification.
return The called query object.
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->hasTag($tag)
$tag Query identification.
return TRUE if condition is met.
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COUNT EXAMPLE
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$results = db_select('table')
            ->fields(NULL, array('field'))
            ->countQuery()->execute()->fetchField();


JOIN EXAMPLE:
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  $query = db_select('uv', 'uv');
  $query->leftjoin('gc', 'gct', 'gct.gcode_code = uv.voucher_code');
  $result = $query->fields('uv')
      ->fields('gct', array('user_count'))
      ->condition('uv.expiry_date', time(), '>')      
      ->condition('uv.g_id', $gid, '=')
      ->execute()
      ->fetchAll();
      
PDO SELECT
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  $result = db_select('dgm', 'dgm')
      ->fields('dgm', array('g_id'))
      ->condition('device_id', $device_id, '=')
      ->execute()
      ->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
      
      
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