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var root = app.activeDocument;
var result = getStyleByString(root, "Formatgruppe 2:Form\\:atgruppe 1:Zeichen\\:\\:format 1", "characterStyles", true);
$.writeln(result.name);


function getStyleByString(root, string, property, recreate) {
	if (recreate == undefined) recreate = false;
	stringResult = string.match (/^(.*?[^\\]):(.*)$/);
	var cStyleName = (stringResult) ? stringResult[1] : string;
	cStyleName = cStyleName.replace(/\\:/g, ":");
	remainingString = (stringResult) ? stringResult[2] : "";
	var newProperty = (stringResult) ? property.replace(/s$/, '') + "Groups" : property;	
	var cStyle = root[newProperty].itemByName(cStyleName);
	if (!cStyle.isValid && recreate) cStyle = root[newProperty].add({name:cStyleName});
	if (remainingString.length > 0 && cStyle.isValid) cStyle = getStyleByString (cStyle, remainingString, property, recreate);
	return cStyle;
}