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/// Generating A Random String
func random(_ n: Int) -> String  
{
    let a = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ1234567890"

    var s = ""

    for _ in 0..<n  
    {
        let r = Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(a.characters.count)))

        s += String(a[a.index(a.startIndex, offsetBy: r)])  
    }

    return s  
}

print(random(8))  
// Output: 6FvUpkzp

/// Picking a Random Element from an Array

let names = ["Arthur", "Ford", "Zaphod", "Marvin", "Trillian"]

let random = names[Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(names.count)))]  
print(random)  
// Output: Marvin

extension Array  
{
    func random() -> Element  
    {
        return self[Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(self.count)))]  
    }
}

/// A Convenience Function for Random Numbers
func random(_ n:Int) -> Int  
{
    return Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(n)))  
}
// This will output a 100 random numbers between 0 and 99.

func random(_ range:Range<Int>) -> Int  
{
    return range.lowerBound + Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(range.upperBound - range.lowerBound)))  
}
// Instead of a single input number, this function takes in a Range like 0..<42 and returns a number between 0 and 42, not including 42.