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<?php 
/**
 * Abstract dump file: provides common interface for writing
 * data to dump files. 
 */
abstract class Shuttle_Dump_File {
	/**
	 * File Handle
	 */
	protected $fh;

	/**
	 * Location of the dump file on the disk
	 */
	protected $file_location;

	abstract function write($string);
	abstract function end();

	static function create($filename) {
		if (self::is_gzip($filename)) {
			return new Shuttle_Dump_File_Gzip($filename);
		}
		return new Shuttle_Dump_File_Plaintext($filename);
	}
	function __construct($file) {
		$this->file_location = $file;
		$this->fh = $this->open();

		if (!$this->fh) {
			throw new Shuttle_Exception("Couldn't create gz file");
		}
	}

	public static function is_gzip($filename) {
		return preg_match('~gz$~i', $filename);
	}	
}

/**
 * Plain text implementation. Uses standard file functions in PHP. 
 */
class Shuttle_Dump_File_Plaintext extends Shuttle_Dump_File {
	function open() {
		return fopen($this->file_location, 'w');
	}
	function write($string) {
		return fwrite($this->fh, $string);
	}
	function end() {
		return fclose($this->fh);
	}
}

/**
 * Gzip implementation. Uses gz* functions. 
 */
class Shuttle_Dump_File_Gzip extends Shuttle_Dump_File {
	function open() {
		return gzopen($this->file_location, 'wb9');
	}
	function write($string) {
		return gzwrite($this->fh, $string);
	}
	function end() {
		return gzclose($this->fh);
	}
}

/**
 * MySQL insert statement builder. 
 */
class Shuttle_Insert_Statement {
	private $rows = array();
	private $length = 0;
	private $table;

	function __construct($table) {
		$this->table = $table;
	}

	function reset() {
		$this->rows = array();
		$this->length = 0;
	}

	function add_row($row) {
		$row = '(' . implode(",", $row) . ')';
		$this->rows[] = $row;
		$this->length += strlen($row);
	}

	function get_sql() {
		if (empty($this->rows)) {
			return false;
		}

		return 'INSERT INTO `' . $this->table . '` VALUES ' . 
			implode(",\n", $this->rows) . '; ';
	}

	function get_length() {
		return $this->length;
	}
}

/**
 * Main facade
 */
abstract class Shuttle_Dumper {
	/**
	 * Maximum length of single insert statement
	 */
	const INSERT_THRESHOLD = 838860;
	
	/**
	 * @var Shuttle_DBConn
	 */	
	public $db;

	/**
	 * @var Shuttle_Dump_File
	 */
	public $dump_file;

	/**
	 * End of line style used in the dump
	 */
	public $eol = "\r\n";

	/**
	 * Specificed tables to include
	 */
	public $include_tables;

	/**
	 * Specified tables to exclude
	 */
	public $exclude_tables = array();

	/**
	 * Factory method for dumper on current hosts's configuration. 
	 */
	static function create($db_options) {
		$db = Shuttle_DBConn::create($db_options);

		$db->connect();

		if (self::has_shell_access() 
				&& self::is_shell_command_available('mysqldump')
				&& self::is_shell_command_available('gzip')
			) {
			$dumper = new Shuttle_Dumper_ShellCommand($db);
		} else {
			$dumper = new Shuttle_Dumper_Native($db);
		}

		if (isset($db_options['include_tables'])) {
			$dumper->include_tables = $db_options['include_tables'];
		}
		if (isset($db_options['exclude_tables'])) {
			$dumper->exclude_tables = $db_options['exclude_tables'];
		}

		return $dumper;
	}

	function __construct(Shuttle_DBConn $db) {
		$this->db = $db;
	}

	public static function has_shell_access() {
		if (!is_callable('shell_exec')) {
			return false;
		}
		$disabled_functions = ini_get('disable_functions');
		return stripos($disabled_functions, 'shell_exec') === false;
	}

	public static function is_shell_command_available($command) {
		if (preg_match('~win~i', PHP_OS)) {
			/*
			On Windows, the `where` command checks for availabilty in PATH. According
			to the manual(`where /?`), there is quiet mode: 
			....
			    /Q       Returns only the exit code, without displaying the list
			             of matched files. (Quiet mode)
			....
			*/
			$output = array();
			exec('where /Q ' . $command, $output, $return_val);

			if (intval($return_val) === 1) {
				return false;
			} else {
				return true;
			}

		} else {
			$last_line = exec('which ' . $command);
			$last_line = trim($last_line);

			// Whenever there is at least one line in the output, 
			// it should be the path to the executable
			if (empty($last_line)) {
				return false;
			} else {
				return true;
			}
		}
		
	}

	/**
	 * Create an export file from the tables with that prefix.
	 * @param string $export_file_location the file to put the dump to.
	 *		Note that whenever the file has .gz extension the dump will be comporessed with gzip
	 * @param string $table_prefix Allow to export only tables with particular prefix
	 * @return void
	 */
	abstract public function dump($export_file_location, $table_prefix='');

	protected function get_tables($table_prefix) {
		if (!empty($this->include_tables)) {
			return $this->include_tables;
		}

		$tables = $this->db->fetch_numeric('
			SHOW TABLES LIKE "' . $this->db->escape_like($table_prefix) . '%"
		');

		$tables_list = array();
		foreach ($tables as $table_row) {
			$table_name = $table_row[0];
			if (!in_array($table_name, $this->exclude_tables)) {
				$tables_list[] = $table_name;
			}
		}
		return $tables_list;
	}
}

class Shuttle_Dumper_ShellCommand extends Shuttle_Dumper {
	function dump($export_file_location, $table_prefix='') {
		$command = 'mysqldump -h ' . escapeshellarg($this->db->host) .
			' -u ' . escapeshellarg($this->db->username) . 
			' --password=' . escapeshellarg($this->db->password) . 
			' ' . escapeshellarg($this->db->name);

		$include_all_tables = empty($table_prefix) &&
			empty($this->include_tables) &&
			empty($this->exclude_tables);

		if (!$include_all_tables) {
			$tables = $this->get_tables($table_prefix);
			$command .= ' ' . implode(' ', array_map('escapeshellarg', $tables));
		}

		$error_file = tempnam(sys_get_temp_dir(), 'err');

		$command .= ' 2> ' . escapeshellarg($error_file);

		if (Shuttle_Dump_File::is_gzip($export_file_location)) {
			$command .= ' | gzip';
		}

		$command .= ' > ' . escapeshellarg($export_file_location);

		exec($command, $output, $return_val);

		if ($return_val !== 0) {
			$error_text = file_get_contents($error_file);
			unlink($error_file);
			throw new Shuttle_Exception('Couldn\'t export database: ' . $error_text);
		}

		unlink($error_file);
	}
}

class Shuttle_Dumper_Native extends Shuttle_Dumper {
	public function dump($export_file_location, $table_prefix='') {
		$eol = $this->eol;

		$this->dump_file = Shuttle_Dump_File::create($export_file_location);

		$this->dump_file->write("-- Generation time: " . date('r') . $eol);
		$this->dump_file->write("-- Host: " . $this->db->host . $eol);
		$this->dump_file->write("-- DB name: " . $this->db->name . $eol);
		$this->dump_file->write("/*!40030 SET NAMES UTF8 */;$eol$eol");

		$tables = $this->get_tables($table_prefix);
		foreach ($tables as $table) {
			$this->dump_table($table);
		}

		unset($this->dump_file);
	}

	protected function dump_table($table) {
		$eol = $this->eol;

		$this->dump_file->write("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `$table`;$eol");

		$create_table_sql = $this->get_create_table_sql($table);
		$this->dump_file->write($create_table_sql . $eol . $eol);

		$data = $this->db->query("SELECT * FROM `$table`");

		$insert = new Shuttle_Insert_Statement($table);

		while ($row = $this->db->fetch_row($data)) {
			$row_values = array();
			foreach ($row as $value) {
				$row_values[] = $this->db->escape($value);
			}
			$insert->add_row( $row_values );

			if ($insert->get_length() > self::INSERT_THRESHOLD) {
				// The insert got too big: write the SQL and create
				// new insert statement
				$this->dump_file->write($insert->get_sql() . $eol);
				$insert->reset();
			}
		}

		$sql = $insert->get_sql();
		if ($sql) {
			$this->dump_file->write($insert->get_sql() . $eol);
		}
		$this->dump_file->write($eol . $eol);
	}
	
	public function get_create_table_sql($table) {
		$create_table_sql = $this->db->fetch('SHOW CREATE TABLE `' . $table . '`');
		return $create_table_sql[0]['Create Table'] . ';';
	}
}

class Shuttle_DBConn {
	public $host;
	public $username;
	public $password;
	public $name;

	protected $connection;

	function __construct($options) {
		$this->host = $options['host'];
		if (empty($this->host)) {
			$this->host = '127.0.0.1';
		}
		$this->username = $options['username'];
		$this->password = $options['password'];
		$this->name = $options['db_name'];
	}

	static function create($options) {
		if (class_exists('mysqli')) {
			$class_name = "Shuttle_DBConn_Mysqli";
		} else {
			$class_name = "Shuttle_DBConn_Mysql";
		}

		return new $class_name($options);
	}
}

class Shuttle_DBConn_Mysql extends Shuttle_DBConn {
	function connect() {
		$this->connection = @mysql_connect($this->host, $this->username, $this->password);
		if (!$this->connection) {
			throw new Shuttle_Exception("Couldn't connect to the database: " . mysql_error());
		}

		$select_db_res = mysql_select_db($this->name, $this->connection);
		if (!$select_db_res) {
			throw new Shuttle_Exception("Couldn't select database: " . mysql_error($this->connection));
		}

		return true;
	}

	function query($q) {
		if (!$this->connection) {
			$this->connect();
		}
		$res = mysql_query($q);
		if (!$res) {
			throw new Shuttle_Exception("SQL error: " . mysql_error($this->connection));
		}
		return $res;
	}

	function fetch_numeric($query) {
		return $this->fetch($query, MYSQL_NUM);
	}

	function fetch($query, $result_type=MYSQL_ASSOC) {
		$result = $this->query($query, $this->connection);
		$return = array();
		while ( $row = mysql_fetch_array($result, $result_type) ) {
			$return[] = $row;
		}
		return $return;
	}

	function escape($value) {
		if (is_null($value)) {
			return "NULL";
		}
		return "'" . mysql_real_escape_string($value) . "'";
	}

	function escape_like($search) {
		return str_replace(array('_', '%'), array('\_', '\%'), $search);
	}

	function get_var($sql) {
		$result = $this->query($sql);
		$row = mysql_fetch_array($result);
		return $row[0];
	}

	function fetch_row($data) {
		return mysql_fetch_assoc($data);
	}
}


class Shuttle_DBConn_Mysqli extends Shuttle_DBConn {
	function connect() {
		$this->connection = @new MySQLi($this->host, $this->username, $this->password, $this->name);

		if ($this->connection->connect_error) {
			throw new Shuttle_Exception("Couldn't connect to the database: " . $this->connection->connect_error);
		}

		return true;
	}

	function query($q) {
		if (!$this->connection) {
			$this->connect();
		}
		$res = $this->connection->query($q);
		
		if (!$res) {
			throw new Shuttle_Exception("SQL error: " . $this->connection->error);
		}
		
		return $res;
	}

	function fetch_numeric($query) {
		return $this->fetch($query, MYSQLI_NUM);
	}

	function fetch($query, $result_type=MYSQLI_ASSOC) {
		$result = $this->query($query, $this->connection);
		$return = array();
		while ( $row = $result->fetch_array($result_type) ) {
			$return[] = $row;
		}
		return $return;
	}

	function escape($value) {
		if (is_null($value)) {
			return "NULL";
		}
		return "'" . $this->connection->real_escape_string($value) . "'";
	}

	function escape_like($search) {
		return str_replace(array('_', '%'), array('\_', '\%'), $search);
	}

	function get_var($sql) {
		$result = $this->query($sql);
		$row = $result->fetch_array($result, MYSQLI_NUM);
		return $row[0];
	}

	function fetch_row($data) {
		return $data->fetch_array(MYSQLI_ASSOC);
	}
}

class Shuttle_Exception extends Exception {};

<?php 
include ('dumper.php');

try {
	$world_dumper = Shuttle_Dumper::create(array(
		'host' => '',
		'username' => 'root',
		'password' => '',
		'db_name' => 'world',
	));
	
		// dump the database to gzipped file
	$world_dumper->dump('world.sql.gz');

	// dump the database to plain text file
	$world_dumper->dump('world.sql');
	
} catch(Shuttle_Exception $e) {
	echo "Couldn't dump database: " . $e->getMessage();
}