/**
* Base contract that all upgradeable contracts should use.
*
* Contracts implementing this interface are all called using delegatecall from
* a dispatcher. As a result, the _sizes and _dest variables are shared with the
* dispatcher contract, which allows the called contract to update these at will.
*
* _sizes is a map of function signatures to return value sizes. Due to EVM
* limitations, these need to be populated by the target contract, so the
* dispatcher knows how many bytes of data to return from called functions.
* Unfortunately, this makes variable-length return values impossible.
*
* _dest is the address of the contract currently implementing all the
* functionality of the composite contract. Contracts should update this by
* calling the internal function `replace`, which updates _dest and calls
* `initialize()` on the new contract.
*
* When upgrading a contract, restrictions on permissible changes to the set of
* storage variables must be observed. New variables may be added, but existing
* ones may not be deleted or replaced. Changing variable names is acceptable.
* Structs in arrays may not be modified, but structs in maps can be, following
* the same rules described above.
*/
contract Upgradeable {
mapping(bytes4=>uint32) _sizes;
address _dest;
/**
* This function is called using delegatecall from the dispatcher when the
* target contract is first initialized. It should use this opportunity to
* insert any return data sizes in _sizes, and perform any other upgrades
* necessary to change over from the old contract implementation (if any).
*
* Implementers of this function should either perform strictly harmless,
* idempotent operations like setting return sizes, or use some form of
* access control, to prevent outside callers.
*/
function initialize();
/**
* Performs a handover to a new implementing contract.
*/
function replace(address target) internal {
_dest = target;
target.delegatecall(bytes4(sha3("initialize()")));
}
}
/**
* The dispatcher is a minimal 'shim' that dispatches calls to a targeted
* contract. Calls are made using 'delegatecall', meaning all storage and value
* is kept on the dispatcher. As a result, when the target is updated, the new
* contract inherits all the stored data and value from the old contract.
*/
contract Dispatcher is Upgradeable {
function Dispatcher(address target) {
replace(target);
}
function initialize() {
// Should only be called by on target contracts, not on the dispatcher
throw;
}
function() {
bytes4 sig;
assembly { sig := calldataload(0) }
var len = _sizes[sig];
var target = _dest;
assembly {
// return _dest.delegatecall(msg.data)
calldatacopy(0x0, 0x0, calldatasize)
delegatecall(sub(gas, 10000), target, 0x0, calldatasize, 0, len)
return(0, len)
}
}
}
contract Example is Upgradeable {
uint _value;
function initialize() {
_sizes[bytes4(sha3("getUint()"))] = 32;
}
function getUint() returns (uint) {
return _value;
}
function setUint(uint value) {
_value = value;
}
}