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Here is an example of write subquery in Joomla! 3 using JDatabase method.

<?php
// Initialize variables.
$db       = JFactory::getDbo();
$subQuery = $db->getQuery(true);
$query    = $db->getQuery(true);

// Create the base subQuery select statement.
$subQuery->select('*')
    ->from($db->quoteName('#__sub_table'))
    ->where($db->quoteName('subTest') . ' = ' . $db->quote('1'));

// Create the base select statement.
$query->select('*')
    ->from($db->quoteName('#__table'))
    ->where($db->quoteName('state') . ' = ' . $db->quote('1'))
    ->where($db->quoteName('subCheckIn') . ' IN (' . $subQuery . ')')
    ->order($db->quoteName('ordering') . ' ASC');

// Set the query and load the result.
$db->setQuery($query);

try
{
    $result = $db->loadObjectList();
}
catch (RuntimeException $e)
{
    throw new RuntimeException($e->getMessage(), $e->getCode());
}

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