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dpkg --get-selections|grep 'linux-image*'|awk '{print $1}'|egrep -v "linux-image-$(uname -r)|linux-image-generic" |while read n;do apt-get -y remove $n;done

# или так:

dpkg --get-selections | \
  grep 'linux-image*' | \
  awk '{print $1}' | \
  egrep -v "linux-image-$(uname -r)|linux-image-generic" | \
  while read n
  do
    apt-get -y remove $n
  done