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/**
* Limita a seleção de Status para apenas 1 por vez
*/
function wpse_139269_term_radio_checklist( $args ) {
if ( ! empty( $args['taxonomy'] ) && $args['taxonomy'] === 'status_acervo' /* <== Change to your required taxonomy */ ) {
    if ( empty( $args['walker'] ) || is_a( $args['walker'], 'Walker' ) ) { // Don't override 3rd party walkers.
        if ( ! class_exists( 'WPSE_139269_Walker_Category_Radio_Checklist' ) ) {
            /**
                * Custom walker for switching checkbox inputs to radio.
                *
                * @see Walker_Category_Checklist
                */
            class WPSE_139269_Walker_Category_Radio_Checklist extends Walker_Category_Checklist {
                function walk( $elements, $max_depth, $args = array() ) {
                    $output = parent::walk( $elements, $max_depth, $args );
                    $output = str_replace(
                        array( 'type="checkbox"', "type='checkbox'" ),
                        array( 'type="radio"', "type='radio'" ),
                        $output
                    );

                    return $output;
                }
            }
        }

        $args['walker'] = new WPSE_139269_Walker_Category_Radio_Checklist;
    }
}

return $args;
}

add_filter( 'wp_terms_checklist_args', 'wpse_139269_term_radio_checklist' );